Tuesday, December 24, 2019
Aristotles Doctrine of the Mean Essay - 1017 Words
Aristotles Doctrine of the Mean When we consider the questions of how we ought to live our lives, we often seek for some schematic that we can employ to help us categorize actions or qualities as good, bad, or indifferent. Such a means of organization would indeed make it easier to determine what the right thing to do is. Aristotle once attempted to formulate a similar plan. His ethics used a scheme by which characteristics could be measured and the right amount attained. Such an account is known as the doctrine of the mean. Aristotleââ¬â¢s doctrine is meant to illuminate the nature of eudaimonia, which can be briefly defined as succeeding or flourishing, the key to which is arà ªte. To better understand where ethics fit intoâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦the mean relative to us, this being determined by a rational principle, and by that principle by which the man of practical wisdom would determine itâ⬠(Aristotle 106). We see here that virtue not only lies in a mean but is determined by a man with practical wisdom. But what is the mean relative to? Aristotle goes on to say, ââ¬Å"Now it is a mean between two vices, that which depends on excess and that which depends on defectâ⬠(Aristotle 106). The vice of excess is having too much of a characteristic, the vice of defect is having too little of the same. Before we venture further it would be most helpful to consider one of Aristotleââ¬â¢s examples to better understand this doctrine. Since ethics is practical, he provides us with individual examples. The first is the virtue of courage. ââ¬Å"With regards to fear and confidence courage is the meanâ⬠(Aristotle 107). We see that courage, being the mean is the virtue. If one were to have too much he would be foolhardy and rash. One with too little is fearful and cowardly. This however leads to an interesting question, what does one exceed in or fall short in? Is it that he has too much or too little courage? Some examination will show that this is not possible. It is not possible to have too much of the right amount, or to be too close the mean. This means that there must be something else that one can exceed or fall short of. This is a character trait. For our example, the trait is spirit. Having the right amount of spirit isShow MoreRelatedAristotles Doctrine of the Mean525 Words à |à 2 Pagesand the false. But Aristotle shows that knowing the natural end of man enables to tell if it is true of false that an action is right or wrong. So, for Aristotle, what does the vituous life entails? What is his doctrine of the mean? What is the government type that further Aristotles virtue life? Is it a plausible type of society? Virtue is bringing something to perfection. There are two kinds of virtues: the moral virtues, perfecting desire (who submits to reason) for the action, and intellectualRead MoreAristotles Doctrine of the Mean1242 Words à |à 5 Pages In this essay we will discuss and analyze Aristotleââ¬â¢s Doctrine of the Mean. This topic area can be found in Book II, page 888, 6ââ¬â15, through 890, 25. The purpose for Aristotle touching on this subject matter was to discern the states of character which are virtuous from those which are not. By this, I mean he is attempting to categorize which virtues are causal of a human ââ¬Å"to be in a good state and to perform their functions wellâ⬠(888ââ¬â15). In order to keep this paper orderly and comprehensibleRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Me Underpin Aristotle s Account Of Citizen Virtue?899 Words à |à 4 PagesTo what extent, and how, does ââ¬Ëthe doctrine of the meanââ¬â¢ underpin Aristotleââ¬â¢s account of citizen virtue? In order to answer the question ââ¬ËTo what extent, and how, does ââ¬Ëthe doctrine of the meanââ¬â¢ underpin Aristotleââ¬â¢s account of citizen virtue?ââ¬â¢ it is first important for me to define ââ¬Ëthe doctrine of the meanââ¬â¢ which was developed in Book II of Aristotleââ¬â¢s Nicomachean Ethics (II.2.1104a12-26) in the form of a medical analogy. ââ¬Ëthe doctrine of the meanââ¬â¢ is very often dismissed as being unhelpful andRead MoreAristotle s Doctrine Of The Mean1344 Words à |à 6 Pagesdecision might be hard, and can be explained, however what is right and wrong when making a moral decision that is still a question today. This essay outlines how virtue ethics is not helpful as we hope when making a moral decision. Aristotleââ¬â¢s doctrine of the mean is a unique theory that is used for ethical views today. His main argument is basely on eudaimonia and how humans can attain that. Most of the time, happiness to humans is enjoying time with friends or loved ones, but to Aristotle happinessRead MoreAristotle Virtuous Character Analysis1284 Words à |à 6 Pageshabituation. Aristotleââ¬â¢s theory of a virtuous character is developed by aligning with the Doctrine of the Mean. The philosopher developed the Doctrine of the Mean in Book II of Nicomachean Ethics to serve the purpose of conveying Aristotleââ¬â¢s concept on virtue ethics. A virtuous character can be considered as a person who acts in the right manner through habit and practice rather than reasoning. Aristotle writes, ââ¬Å"Virtue, then, is a state involving rational choice, consisting in a mean relative toRead MoreThe Ethics Of Plato And Aristotle977 Words à |à 4 Pagesindependent of anyoneââ¬â¢s belief. This was how Plat o observed absolutism. Aristotleââ¬â¢s oversee on what is the ââ¬Ëgood lifeââ¬â¢ as he used an observed method to ethics. The ââ¬Ëgood lifeââ¬â¢ as Aristotle defines it as one which has happiness as a characteristic or ââ¬Ëa life of happinessââ¬â¢. ââ¬ËHappiness is a motion of the soul in accord with perfect virtueââ¬â¢. ââ¬ËPeople ought to behave so as to achieve happinessââ¬â¢. I believe that Aristotleââ¬â¢s response will be everyone always ought to follow the middle passage between certainRead More1.In Your Own Words, Define The Term ââ¬Å"Metaphysicsâ⬠As Used1161 Words à |à 5 Pagesphilosophy. Metaphysics is the study of reality. Metaphysicians ask themselves these type questions: what is reality? Does anything exist? Is anything that we see or believe in real? My examples of metaphysics from the book: I will be using Plato and Aristotleââ¬â¢s metaphysics examples. Interestingly enough, ââ¬Å"Platoââ¬â¢s metaphysics claims that there are two kinds of realityâ⬠(Lavine 26). He believes in the material and immaterial word. The world of reality and the world of the senses. Platoââ¬â¢s metaphysics actuallyRead MoreExamining the Ethics of Plato and Aristotle Essay1063 Words à |à 5 Pagesindependent of anyoneââ¬â¢s opinion. This was how Plato perceived absolutism. Aristotleââ¬â¢s overlook on what is the ââ¬Ëgood lifeââ¬â¢ as he used an empirical approach to ethics. The ââ¬Ëgood lifeââ¬â¢ as Aristotle defines it as one which has happiness as a characteristic or ââ¬Ëa life of happinessââ¬â¢. ââ¬ËHappiness is an activity of the soul in accord with perfect virtueââ¬â¢. ââ¬ËPeople ought to behave so as to achieve happinessââ¬â¢. I believe that Aristotleââ¬â¢s answer will be everyone always ought to follow the middle course betweenRead MoreAristotles Theory of Slavery1295 Words à |à 6 PagesSome aspects of Aristotles theory of slavery Slavery -- natural or conventional? Aristoles theory of slavery is found in Book I, Chapters iii through vii of the Politics. and in Book VII of the Nicomachean Ethics Aristotle raises the question of whether slavery is natural or conventional. He asserts that the former is the case. So, Aristotles theory of slavery holds that some people are naturally slaves and others are naturally masters. Thus he says: But is there any one thus intendedRead MoreAristotle s Highest Good Theorem1037 Words à |à 5 PagesPhil 100 A01 Essay 2 Aristotleââ¬â¢s Highest Good Theorem When Aristotle first published his work entitled ââ¬Å"Nicomachean Ethicsâ⬠, you can imagine that numerous philosophers, scholars, and ordinary citizens were deeply contemplating his idea of the Highest Good Through the actions of virtue and reason, the act contemplation satisfies Aristotleââ¬â¢s characteristics as the Highest Good Being a self-sufficient, and complete activity, the ability to understand our function as human beings through contemplation
Monday, December 16, 2019
Is Lying Bad Free Essays
Imagine the president of the United States telling everyone that if they spend all of their money until they go bankrupt, then the president will reimburse you, plus get an extra three million dollars. After everyone is totally bankrupt, they figure out that the president was lying and now there is an extremely slight chance that they will ever get their money back. Many people believe that lying is one of the worst things a person can do. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Lying Bad? or any similar topic only for you Order Now They view it as something that hurts everyone and eventually destroys or consumes the person that lies. Others believe that lying can be the best way to handle a situation. They view it as protecting someoneââ¬â¢s feelings or calming a difficult situation. Many people in our lives share the belief that sometimes the truth isnââ¬â¢t is everyoneââ¬â¢s best interest, but it should be. First and foremost, lying effects you extremely. If you tell a little white lie such as, ââ¬Å"Does this dress make me look fat? â⬠ââ¬Å"No! ââ¬Å", then you may have some guilt riding on your shoulders. If you tell a huge, important lie, then the guilt will be riding on your shoulders like a one thousand pound weight. For instance, what the president did. After a pointless lie, the whole nation is totally poor and most likely starved because of the lack of money for food and water. People lie everyday to, in someway or another, keep themselves out of trouble. Many teenagers will lie to their parents about what they are doing for the evening, how much of their homework they have done, or how that glass vase got broken while they were out of town. We even lie to our boyfriends or girlfriends about who that other boy was that called the house or what exactly we did with our friends last night. All anyone is trying to accomplish by this is to stay out of trouble when we know weââ¬â¢ve done wrong; but we never think of the effects of lying. Although we think weââ¬â¢re being sly, parents are usually smarter than we give them credit for! Eventually there will be no point in telling this lie any longer because be then, everyone has already found out! Then the problem becomes the issue of trust. If you lie, there is no trust. That can be one of the serious consequences of lying. You should never have to lie, or deceive any one. Lies are empty. Evil is simply hurting yourself or others, and lies can do that, even when you donââ¬â¢t think they are. Lying can also effect others in a negative way too. How about lying to impress other people? More common in children and teenagers, we lie to make others think weââ¬â¢re cool, and when you really think about it, thatââ¬â¢s the part thatââ¬â¢s not cool! Most young people care too much about what others think about them. If you tell even the littlest lie, it will harm you in the long run. For instance, your friend asks you if you want to hang out or maybe do something. You say that you canââ¬â¢t because you are too busy studying and drowning in school work. Even though, you are actually having the time of your life with some other friends at Golf World. About fifteen minutes late, you look towards the door and here comes your poor, lonely friend through the big glass doors. She spots you, stares sadly for a moment, and then leaves. That is all it takes. One small lie and there you go, one less trustworthy, good friend. To sum it all up, lying is always and entirely bad. Whether it is a small, white lie or a big, important lie it can still hurt you or someone else. Lying effects you in a negative way, making you carry guilt, losing trust, and lying for dumb reasons such as to impress others. Lying effects others in a negative way also, because others might think bad about them or you might just make them look ignorant. It is wrong because it is being deceitful to lie. White lies donââ¬â¢t benefit anyone but the person lying. It makes them feel better because they donââ¬â¢t want to confront the actual issue at hand. Imagine a world where no one ever told the truth. How would you ever find the truth? How would you deal with having to live in a life of lies? ââ¬Å"Liars when they speak the truth are not believed. â⬠ââ¬âAristotle. So why even lie at all? How to cite Is Lying Bad?, Papers
Sunday, December 8, 2019
The Power of One
The Power of One- Music and Boxing Essay The skills of boxing and music are one of the most physically demanding activities a person can learn in their life. High levels of strenuous concentrations are required for these activities. Bryce Courtesan has used imagery and stressed the importance and commonalities between boxing and music. In the novel, the Power of One, many examples of imagery exist in the book, often contrasting music to boxing. The quote like a Mozart concerto shows that Doc is trying to elevate boxing from a sport, to an art. When sports, like Boxing, are elevated to a status of an art form, it gives it acceptability. This is a reflection of how society can use sport as a uniting force. In the novel, Doc mentions mostly, European composers such as Chopin, Mozart, Brahms and Beethoven suggesting a cultural gulf between Europe and South Africa. Bryce Courtesan presents South Africa as an uncultured in comparison to European societies. Perhaps Courtesan is trying to position the reader to understand that before South Africa can be cultured, the basic fundamental rights of the people need to be acknowledged . Courtesan presents South Africa as a country where people must be prepared to eight and die for their safety and survival. This is common to the idea of boxing in the novel where it is a sport where survival skills and instincts are crucial much like the lifestyle of the marginalia population of South Africa Its a medicine ball and it weighs fifteen pounds. When you can throw one of these over my head youll be strong enough to begin to box. Page 422 This quote shows the physically demanding nature of boxing. Courtesan presents music to be Just as demanding as boxing. Doc mentions to Peaky that he must first learn to love music ND then only would Doc teach him to play the piano. This quote implies the learning curve of music and how it is needed for Peaky to produce music of a high caliber. This learning symbolizes the idea of the Power of One and how it is also needed for South Africa to survive its problems and play its music. The Power of One stresses these contrasts and commonalities between music and boxing because it wants the readers to accept the vast cultural difference between the culture and lifestyle of Europe and the culture and lifestyle of South Africa. Bryce Courtesan is trying to also emphasize that no matter how tough, rigorous and head breaking they may be; they can be used to unite a nation and a race together. This unity is depicted in the movie, Peaky is depicted teaching all the tribes a song in Zulu, in Beaverton Prison a song that unites them as one. Courtesan once again brings the idea of The Power Of One and its requirement for Africa to survive the problems that it faces and one to survive in the sport of boxing. The Power of One- Music and Boxing By Cumbersomeness
Saturday, November 30, 2019
Thurgood Marshall Essay Research Paper After the free essay sample
Thurgood Marshall Essay, Research Paper After the Reconstruction period, African Americans had won freedom and no longer were seen as emanations of the whiteman, although, something even more evil existed, segregation. This job made life for many black people an ever-continuing battle. Black people were forced to go to separate schools, churches, hotels, and even eating houses. At the clip, white males dominated the work force and many African Americans seldom found good paying occupations. The tribunal system judged people of colour more harshly than people of white tegument, which led to unjust sentences and lynchings. A lynching is when a individual is hanged or executed without a test ; they were really common during this clip period. African Americans could merely take so much of this, they cried out against the unequal ways that white people practiced. Foundations were formed to help these people and convey justness to the society they were populating in. We will write a custom essay sample on Thurgood Marshall Essay Research Paper After the or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The NAACP ( National Association for the Advancement of Colored People ) was likely the most important of these foundations. This was the same organisation that Thurgood Marshall became the taking attorney of. Thurgood Marshall was born in the twelvemonth of 1908 in Baltimore, Maryland. He was prepped and raised by his female parent, Norma Arica Marshall, and his male parent, William Canfield Marshall. Thurgood # 8217 ; s female parent was one of the first African Americans to graduate from Colombia University and his male parent was the first black individual to function on Baltimore # 8217 ; s expansive jury in the twentieth century. Their achievements influenced immature Thurgood in the old ages yet to come. Thurgood was ever top of his game and graduating from an all black high school in Baltimore at 16 and graduating from Howard Law School in Washington D.C. foremost of his category, proved it. During his clip at Howard, Thurgood met and finally married his first married woman, Vivian Burey. After completing up jurisprudence school in 1933, Thurgood moved to New York City, where he was subsequently recruited as a staff attorney to NAACP. During his old ages spent with the NAACP, Thurgood helped develop a scheme to contend racial segregation throughout the United States. He brought many instances before legion tribunals but the instances he brought before the Supreme Court were his greatest accomplishments. Thurgood won about all of the instances he argued before the Supreme Court. Through his tribunal triumphs, he convinced the tribunals to strike down patterns in several provinces that prevented inkinesss from voting. Due to Thurgood, the Supreme Court agreed that tribunals could non implement private understandings non to sell land to black people. These were major stairss frontward in the battle to stop segregation but Thurgood? s most of import triumph came in a instance covering with racial segregation in public schools, Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka. Thurgood managed to carry the tribunal to nem con declare segregation in public schools unconstitutional under the? equal protection clause? of the Fourteenth Amendment. In add-on to the triumph of this instance, Thurgood fought to win six other Supreme Court instances during the 1950s, taking to the integration of public Parkss, swimming pools, local coach systems and athletic installations. Even after his retirement as a attorney for the NAACP, Thurgood continued to contend for the rights of racial minorities, the uneducated and the hapless. In 1965, Thurgood was nominated to the U.S. Supreme Court by President Lyndon Johnson and subsequently confirmed by the Senate to the function of an associate justness. He became the first black justness to function in the Supreme Court in the history of the U.S. With this high ranking place, Thurgood was determined to stop inequality one time and for all in the U.S. Up until his decease in 1993, Thurgood Marshall wrote more than 300 documents and essays on his personal beliefs and tribunal instances that he had dealt with. He declared that his documents should be unfastened for immediate usage by bookmans, journalists, and others. I selected Thurgood Marshall because I believe he made the most important difference in the U.S. every bit far as extinguishing unequal racial intervention, an even bigger difference than such celebrated people as Martin Luther King Jr. made. Over the class of less than a century, Thurgood shaped the U.S. to be a much more unfastened and equal state for African Americans and people of other racial minorities. He was an unbelievable individual and I enjoyed researching him every bit good as composing a study on him. To be rather honorable, I truly did non hold an as realistic apprehension on the clip epoch racial segregation occurred before I researched Thurgood Marshall. To larn how evil and barbarous white people were back so disgusted me. To understand this helped me in many ways to detect how much attempt Thurgood put into stoping this period of inequality. In a manner, I believe that if Thurgood Marshall had neer been born, racial segregation would still be today. That is why I think Thurgood? s function in history was so of import. 329
Tuesday, November 26, 2019
Future of wireless broadband Essays
Future of wireless broadband Essays Future of wireless broadband Essay Future of wireless broadband Essay The advent of wireless broadband has allowed the benefits of broadband technology to be available to more people. For example, Washington Senator Conrad Burns told state services that in order to sort the broadband availability problem in rural America, they may have to go wireless (Weaver, 2001). Wireless broadband is predicted to be very big very soon. It will allow greater connectivity to users and be able to accommodate an increasingly mobile population. Users with wireless devices such as PDAs could check e-mails, surf the net at anyplace that has broadband access (Lim, 2003). Conclusion The internet is growing, fast. It is estimated that in this year alone there are around 400 million internet users around the world, however, even more astonishingly, it is estimated that by 2010 there will be an immense 3 billion internet users around the world, almost half of the global population (Johnston, 2001). The three network technologies discussed above are the most advanced and the most speculated of all the network technologies. In their own right they encapsulate what the internet will become and where it will go. Broadband brings to the avid web surfer exactly what they have been longing for, a fast and an always on connection to the internet. Although businesses have had fast connections to the internet for a long time now, this is a relatively new concept for the general consumer. This in itself should promote 100% uptake of it. However issues such as availability, security and cost issues continue to impede the true level of success that broadband can enjoy. : But if these issues are dealt with in time, broadband could herald a new age in internet access such as the implementation of a fiber optic network. M-Commerce has immense potential. In an age where having a mobile phone is seen as more of a cultural accessory than a convenience device, m-commerce is the next logical application to introduce. Again there are a few issues that prevented the explosion of m-commerce that was expected in the late nineties (Dano, 2003). However, as mentioned before, there have already been developments into the two main issues interoperability and security. The applications of m-commerce can be endless ranging from making payments at retail stores to playing video games on them. Although m-commerce has suffered a slow start, in time it will realise its true potential (Thomas, 2003). Finally regarding wireless broadband. This is the next evolutionary step for broadband. It should surpass wireline broadband in uptake. But issues of cost and availability prevent it from taking off. This could be a serious handicap, even though wireless broadband offers significant advantages over wireline broadband. However this is the newest technology of them all and organisations like Sprint are still remaining optimistic about this technology (Mannion, 2001). Bibliography Books used: Laudon, K. C. and Traver C. G. (2002) E-commerce: Business. Technology. Society, Boston, Adison Wesley. Online publications Cambridge, S. N. (2000) Tuning into wireless broadband, eWeek, 1:1, Winter [online] [cited 3 December 2003].
Friday, November 22, 2019
Cantabrian War
Cantabrian War Dates: 29/28-19 B.C. Rome won the Cantabrian War, in Spain, during the rule of the first emperor, Octavian, who had recently earned the title by which we know him, Augustus. Although Augustus brought troops from Rome to the battlefrontà and unintentionally brought about victory, he had retired from battle when victory was achieved. Augustus left a stepson and a nephew, the aediles Tiberius and Marcellus, to hold the victory celebration. He also left Lucius Aemilius to serve as governor when he returned home. The victory celebration was premature. So was Augustus closing of the Janus gates of peace. While I may have aroused your curiosity, this war is not one of the more popular ones for study. As the great 20th century, Oxford-based, Roman historian Ronald Syme wrote: It is in no way surprising that the Spanish War of Augustus should have commanded so little attention in modern times; and it might well be asked how far such a subject can repay study. In comparison with the wars in Germany and Illyricum, with the momentous vicissitudes of the frontier policy of Augustus, the subjugation of Northwestern Spain seems dull and tedious.The Spanish War of Augustus (26-25 B. C.)Ronald SymeThe American Journal of Philology, Vol. 55, No. 4 (1934), pp. 293-317 The 4th-5th-century Christian historian Paulus Orosius [The Seven Books of History Against the Pagans] says that in 27 B.C., when Augustus and his right-hand man Agrippa were consuls, Augustus decided it was time to subdue the border-raiding Cantabri and Astures. These tribes lived in the northern part of Spain, by the Pyrenees, in the province of Gallacia. In his 2010 Legions of Rome: The Definitive History of Every Imperial Roman Legion, Australian writer Stephen Dando-Collins says when Augustus headed from Rome to Spain, he took some of his Praetorian Guard with him, members of which he later gave land from the conquered territory. Augustus was embarrassed by his inability to clinch the battle, became ill, and retired to Taracco. The legates left in charge of the Roman legions in the area, Antistius and Firmius, won surrender through a combination of their skill and the enemys treachery the Astures betrayed their own people. Dando-Collins says the Cantabrian forces had resisted the type of battle formation Rome preferred because their strength lay in fighting from a distance so they could hurl their weapon of choice, the javelin: But these peoples would neither yield to him, because they were confident on account of their strongholds, nor would they come to close quarters, owing to their inferior numbers and the circumstance that most of them were javelin-throwers....Cassisus DioFor extended passages from Cassius Dio and others on the Cantabrian War, see Sources. Augustus Departure Leads to Over-Confidence The tribes successfully avoided being roped into other types of engagements until Augustus retired to Taracco. Then, believing Augustus had given up, they felt superior to the legates. So they allowed themselves to be drawn into the Roman-preferred, set-piece battle, with consequences disastrous to them: Accordingly Augustus found himself in very great embarrassment, and having fallen ill from over-exertion and anxiety, he retired to Tarraco and there remained in poor health. Meanwhile Gaius Antistius fought against them and accomplished a good deal, not because he was a better general than Augustus, but because the barbarians felt contempt for him and so joined battle with the Romans and were defeated.Cassisus Dio Victorious, Augustus gave two of the legions the honorary title of Augusta, becoming the 1st and 2nd Augusta, according to Dando-Collins. Augustus left Spain to return home, where he closed the Janus gates for the second time in his reign, but the fourth time in Roman history, according to Orosius. Caesar carried away this reward from his Cantabrian victory: he could now order the gates of war to be barred fast. Thus for a second time in these days, through Caesars efforts, Janus was closed; this was the fourth time that this had happened since the founding of the City.Orosius Book 6 Cantabrian Treachery and Punishment Meanwhile... the surviving Cantabrians and Asturians, according to Dando-Collins, acted as they had done repeatedly before, with trickery. They told governor Lucius Aemilius they wished to give the Romans gifts in token of their acceptance of the Romansà and asked him to send a sizable number of soldiers to transport the gifts. Foolishly (or without the advantage of hindsight), Aemilius obliged. The tribes executed the soldiers, starting a new round. Aemilius renewed the fighting, won a devastating victory, and then removed the hands of the soldiers he defeated. Even this wasnt the end of it. Again, according to Dando-Collins, Agrippa faced rebel Cantabrians slaves who had escaped and returned to their mountainous homes and those of their countrymen they could persuade to join them. Although Florus says Agrippa was in Spain at an earlier date, Syme says he didnt get there until 19 B.C. Agrippas own troops were getting on and were tired of fighting. Although Agrippa won the round of anti-Cantabrian fighting, he wasnt happy about the way the campaign had gone and so declined the honor of a triumph. To punish his less than competent troops, he demoted a legion, probably the 1st Augusta (Syme), by stripping it of its honorary title. He captured all the Cantabrians, executed the military aged men and forced all the mountain folk to live down on the plains. Rome experienced only minor difficulties afterward. It was only in 19 B.C. that Rome could finally say it had subjugated Spain (Hispania), ending theà conflict that had started about 200 years earlier during the conflict with Carthage. Roman Legions Involved (Source: Dando-Collins): 1st Legion2nd Legion (later the 2nd Augusta)4th Macedonia5th Alaudae6th Legion (later the 6th Victrix)9th Hispana10th Gemina20th Legion Governors of the Spanish Provinces (Source: Syme) Tarraconensis (Hispania Citerior) Lusitania (Hispania Ulterior) 27-24 C. Antistius Vetus24-22 L. Aemiliusor L. (Aelius) Lamia22-19 C. Furnius19-17 P. Silius Nerva26-22 P. Carisius19 ? L. Sestius Next: Ancient Sources on the Cantabrian War The sources on this war are confusing. I have followed Syme, Dando-Collins and then the sources, as much as possible, but if you have corrections to make, please let me know. Thanks in advance.
Thursday, November 21, 2019
Coursework Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Coursework - Assignment Example Financial crises may spread through financial globalization such as the recent global recession caused by the 2007 subprime crisis in the US and 2008 banking crisis in Europe. This paper evaluates whether the process financial globalization has been significantly weakened by the recent global financial crisis that led to the collapse of world trade in a pace that has not been witnessed since the Great Depression in the 1930s. It also investigates if this constitutes a problem for the international financial system and the countries within it. The paper presents some practical suggestions for national and international financial regulators in the light of what has happened to financial globalization over the last five years (Ceballos, Didier and Schmukler, 2012). The process of financial globalization in terms of Foreign Direct Investment, foreign bonds and overseas lending maintained a steady growth since early 1980s from a low of 0.5 trillion USD to a high of 1.8 trillion USD by 2007. However, this trend changed with the occurrence of the recent financial meltdown. With the high global financial linkage, the financial crisis was felt in many economies globally. The foreign capitals flows declined by 60% (Lund & Dobbs, 2013). Economies became more wary of their global financial assets after the global recession. The annual growth in equity market capitalization and purchase of foreign business and government bonds declined by 6% to 1.9% and has been the case in both developed and developing economies globally. Cross-border lending began to decline from a high of 5.6 trillion USD in 2007 to a low of 1.7 trillion USD in 2012. This decline is associated with the selectiveness of banks and narrowing the scope of global operations by banks as a result of fresh investment and regulatory requirements to caution domestic markets against financial risks. Most of the international commercial banks have disposed assets and
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